Plant Indices
- Alphabetical Index (Genera)
- Alphabetical Index (Vernacular)
- Cladistic Index
CLEMATIS (Clematis)
Family: Ranunculaceae
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| A large purple Clematis. |
Asia, East
- Chinese: Bai He Teng, Dee Tao Jin, He Tao Jin, Mu Tong, Tian Cai, Wei Ling Xian, Xie Cao
- Japanese: Yamaboushi
Europe, Central
- German: Klematis, Ranunkel, Reben, Scharfglocke, Waldrebe
- Polish: Powojnik, Skoczek
Europe, Northern
- Norwegian: Klematisslekta
- Swedish: Klematis
Europe, Southern
- Catalan: Vidalba
- Greek: Aethusa, Klemintis
- Italian: Clematide, Vitalba
- Latin: Atragene, Flammula, Passiflora, Viorna
- Spanish: Clemátide
Europe, Western
- Dutch: Bosrank
- English: Clematis, Beggar's Plant, Devil's Cut, Devil's Twine, Lady's Bower, Leather Flower, Liane, Love, Old Man's Beard, Smoking Cane, Tombacca, Traveler's Joy, Vase Vine, Virgin's Bower, Wild Vine
- French: Clématite, Lierre
- Old English: Valvine
Cosmopolitan
- Africa, Central: Burundi, Cabinda, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Rwanda, Uganda
- Africa, Eastern: Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Réunion, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe
- Africa, Northern: Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
- Africa, Southern: Angola, Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa (Cape Provinces, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, Northern Provinces)
- Africa, Western: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo
- America, North: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon), Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, United States (Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming)
- America, South: Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela
- Asia, Central: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia (Altay, Tuva, West Siberia), Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Xinjiang
- Asia, East: China, Japan, Korea, Russia (Amur, Buryatiya, Chita, Irkutsk, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Krasnoyarsk, Kuril Islands, Magadan, Manchuria, Primorye, Sakhalin, Yakutiya), Taiwan
- Asia, South: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India (Assam), Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka
- Asia, Southeast: Andaman Islands, Borneo, Cambodia, Indonesia (Java, Lesser Sunda Islands, Maluku, Sulawesi, Sumatra), Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Nicobar Islands, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam
- Asia, Western: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Cyprus, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Oman, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, Yemen
- Europe, Central: Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, Switzerland
- Europe, Eastern: Albania, Belarus, Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine
- Europe, Northern: Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway
- Europe, Southern: France (Corsica), Greece, Italy (Sardinia, Sicily), Portugal, Spain (Baleares)
- Europe, Western: Belgium, France, England, Scotland
- Oceania: Australia (New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia), Fiji, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Norfolk Island, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu
A genus of approximately 300 species within the buttercup family. Typically form climbing vines. Japanese and Chinese species are especially popular with gardeners for hybridization.
Named "old man's beard" for the white fuzz tufting its seed pods.
Cleverness
Clematis is named for the Greek word clématis, meaning "climbing," named for its habit of climbing up walls and trellises, which has associated it with cleverness and ingenuity. Its ability to navigate difficult terrain has can also be used for the quality of resourcefulness (as related to cleverness and ingenuity), but could be read as insidious.
Love
Difficult terrain is no impediment, and it often engulfs such surroundings once allowed to take hold. Its clinging habit has earned it the name "love."
Victorian Flower Language
In Victorian flower language, clematis has a smattering of disparate meanings. It's used to reference mental beauty and the arts. Evergreen species are also used as a symbol of poverty.
Under the name "traveler's joy" it is a symbol of safety, as it grew over the porches of inns and at roadsides where wayfarers found shade.
Under the name of "virgin's bower" it's an emblem of filial love (presumably through the suggestion of chastity).
Fraud
According to Skinner, this plant was given the name "beggar's plant" because supposedly mendicants abroad would intentionally cut themselves and rub the leaves into the wounds. The irritating juice of the plant turned the wounds into hideous (but superficial) ulcers. This was not a pious mutilation ritual but a disfigurement designed to elicit sympathy, as the mendicants were dependent on the charity of others, and in places where pauperism was encouraged by the generosity of locals, those most afflicted received more attention (and alms) from the charitable. Skinner compared this practice to pretended lameness and blindness.
Smoking
Was called "smoking cane" as it was used as a pipe-stuffing substitute for tobacco when cigars weren't available, in the same way that some would smoke rattan.
We are not a medical website, do not take health advice from us.
Clematis oils and compounds are considered essentially toxic, but have had some use medicinally. Native Americans used small amounts to treat migraines, nervous disorders. Its irritants appear to have also been used to treat skin infections.
The European species never entered the doctor's pharmacopoeia, relying on imported species from Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Bach relied on Ethiopian clematis for extracts to treat eating disorders and eczema. The species in question (C. longicauda and C.burgensis) show antibacterial and antifungal properties under study, as well as anti-inflammatory properties. (There is no scientific evidence to back up Bach flower remedies.)
The entire genus is known to produce irritating oils and other compounds. While this has led to it being used as a pepper substitute in some places (namely the American West and Spanish colonies), in large amounts it is known to cause internal bleeding of the digestive tract.
In small quantities it can be treated as a pepper substitute.
- Taking into account the clematis's ability to take over and choke out hazardous environments, it could be used as an emblem of corrupting influence, especially if it's not native to the region where it's choking up walls. Its positives could easily be turned on their head for nefarious purposes in magic.
- Its role as the "beggar's plant" makes it good for disguises for those not opposed to some superficial self-mutilation.
- The name "devil's twine" is too good not to do something with, especially when playing off the positive connotation of "love." This would be potent (and dangerous) in love charms of all sorts.
- Additionally, a twine made from this plant may be useful in various forms of curse.
- If the twine can be smoked or unwound to smoke the loose cord, this could be done after using them to bind an enchantment, to make a magical smokeable reagent.
- As the "devil's cut," this can be used as a reagent to "pay off" the spirits behind a protective sorcery, or as a divination reagent to find the official who will accept a bribe. Can also be used to stave off punishment or investigation for misdeeds..
Akebia Clematis (Clematis akebioides)
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| Clematis akeboides |
- Chinese: Fu Tou Teng, Huang Hua Tie Xian Lian, Mu Tong
- German: Akebiafruchtige Waldrebe
- Polish: Powojnik Akebiowaty
- Italian: Clematide Simile All'akebia
- English: Akebia Clematis, Akebia-Like Clematis, Chocolate Vine Clematis, Yellow Lantern Clematis
- French: Clématite Akébioïde
Western China
- Asia, Central: Tibet
- Asia, East: China (North-Central, South-Central, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, Xinjiang)
Clematis akebioides is a plant that originates in Western China. It is a flowering plant that comes in many different colors. It is mainly greenish yellow in color. This species is unique from others from its genus in that it emits a sweet smell.
The species usually grows in shrub lands where it uses its stems to provide support for other plants.
We are not a medical website, do not take health advice from us.
This plant has been used in traditional Chinese medicine as far back as the records go. It has been used to treat:
- Dysuria
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Wind chills
- Indigestion
- Pain
- General infection
- Poor circulation
- Retained for distribution and purported medicinal properties.
- "Yellow lantern" suggests this could be a reagent for light spells.
Alpine Clematis (Clematis alpina)
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| Clematis alpina |
Europe, Central
- Czech: Alpská Plamínka
- German: Alpen-Waldrebe, Bergrutengewächs, Europäische Alpenrebe, Glocken-Waldrebe, Nordische Waldrebe
- Polish: Powojnik Alpejski
- Slovak: Havranec Alpínsky, Horská Plamienka
Europe, Northern
- Finnish: Kevätkello, Tunturikärhö
- Norwegian: Tjellklokke
- Swedish: Klättervin, Sibirisk Klematis
Europe, Southern
- Italian: Clematide Alpina
- Latin: Atragene Alpina
- Spanish: Clemátide Alpina
Europe, Western
- English: Alpine Clematis, Alpine Virgin's Bower
- French: Clematis Alpestre, Clématite Des Alpes
- Asia, Central: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Tibet, Uzbekistan
- Asia, East: China (North-Central, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, Xinjiang), Japan, North Korea, South Korea
- Asia, Northern: Russia (Altay, Amur, Buryatiya, Central European Russia, Chita, East European Russia, Irkutsk, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Krasnoyarsk, Kuril Islands, Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin, Tuva, West Siberia, Yakutskiya)
- Asia, South: Pakistan
- Europe, Central: Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, Switzerland
- Europe, Eastern: Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine
- Europe, Northern: Finland, Norway
- Europe, Southern: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Italy, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia
A showy species of Clematis, it is widely spread across the mountains of Europe. It has long stalks and produces flowers in spring that range in size from 1 to 3 inches and a wide variety of colors, making it popular with cultivators.
- Retained for distribution, and ability to produce a wide variety of colors.
Chinese Clematis (Clematis orientalis)
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| Clematis orientalis |
Asia, East
- Chinese: Huang Hua Tie Xian Lian, Huang Wei Ling Xian, Hunan Tie Xian Lian
Europe, Central
- German: Gelbe Waldrebe, Kletterwein, Morgenländische Waldrebe, Orientalische Waldrebe, Turkische Waldrebe
- Hungarian: Keleti Iszalag
- Polish: Jaskier Orientalny, Powojnik Wschodni
Europe, Northern
- Danish: Orientalsk Klematis
Europe, Southern
- Italian: Clematis Gialla
- Spanish: Clemátide Oriental
Europe, Western
- Dutch: Oosterse Bosrank
- English: Chinese Clematis, Altay Clematis, Eastern Virgin's Bower, Indian Clematis, Orange Peel Clematis, Oriental Clematis, Oriental Virgin's Bower, Yellow Clematis
- French: Bouton D'or, Clématite Orientale
- Asia, Central: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Tibet, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
- Asia, East: China (North-Central, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang)
- Asia, Northern: Russia (Altay, Buryatiya, North Caucasus, South European Russia, Tuva)
- Asia, South: Afghanistan, Nepal, Pakistan
- Asia, West: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Oman, Turkey
- Europe, Eastern: Ukraine
- Europe, Southern: Greece (East Aegean Islands)
A vine or scrambling shrub. Its stems are slender and spread like tendrils. It can grow between 2-8 meters in height, and at its thickest approaches 7cm in diameter. The vine bark is grey-brown, with the inside of the bark being green. It will climb over anything, twining to rocks, other pants, buildings, etc. Its stem grows densely, up to a meter each year.
Its flowers grow in solitary habit or clusters, with four large yellow/yellow-orange sepals, which are 2-3cm wide and 6-9cm long. The flowers are hermaphroditic and fragrant.
It prefers well-drained soils and does well in chalky soil. Alkaline and acid tolerant. Found in shrubland, riverbanks, gullies, sand depressions, riparian forests, hot and dry valleys, deserts, and semi-desert areas, at elevations of 4000-3,800 meters.
We are not a medical website, do not take health advice from us.
Used as an antiseptic and refrigerant. In Ancient Chinese medicine it was used to treat dog bites (rabies). Gargling and infusion of this plant was thought good for ulcerated throats.
- Retained for recorded medical use and distribution.
Golden Clematis (Clematis tangutica)
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| Clematis tangutica |
Asia, East
- Chinese: Huang Tie Xian Lian
Europe, Central
- German: Goldglöckchen-Waldrebe, Kirgisische Waldrebe
- Polish: Powojnik Tangucki
Europe, Northern
- Finnish: Kiinankärhö
Europe, Southern
- Italian: Clematide Di Tangut
- Spanish: Clemátide Tanguta
Europe, Western
- English: Golden Clematis, Golden Lantern, Mongolian Gold, Tangut Clematis, Yellow Clematis
- French: Clématite De Tangut
- Asia, Central: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Tibet
- Asia, East: China (North-Central, South-Central, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, Xinjiang)
- Asia, South: Afghanistan, Pakistan
- Retained for name and distribution.
- As a "golden lantern," it lends itself as a reagent to light spells.
- "Golden lantern" can be expanded as a reagent for assaying spells ("lantern that reveals gold"). More abstractly, this can be a "lantern that reveals truth" or "value," useful in divination of a person's character.
Purple Clematis (Clematis viticella)
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| Clematis viticella |
Europe, Central
- Czech: Italská Plamínka
- German: Blauregen, Italienische Waldrebe, Jungfernrebe, Purpur-Waldrebe, Rote Waldrebe
- Hungarian: Itáliai Iszalag, Kék Iszalag
- Polish: Powojnik Włoski
Europe, Northern
- Norwegian: Italiensk Skogsklematis
- Swedish: Italiensk Klematis, Lila Klematis, Röd Klematis
Europe, Southern
- Italian: Clematide Paonazza, Viorna
- Spanish: Clemátide Violeta, Flor De Amor
Europe, Western
- Dutch: Italiaanse Clematis, Paarse Clematis
- English: Purple Clematis, Italian Clematis, Italian Leather Flower, Lady Bower, Purple Virgin's Bower, Virgin's Bower
- French: Clématite Bleue, Clématite Pourpre
- Asia, West: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Cyprus, Georgia, Iran, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
- Europe, Eastern: Bulgaria
- Europe, Southern: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Greece, Italy, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia
A deciduous climbing shrub, the first foreign clematis imported into English gardens. The "blue" (purple) and red cultivars were favored in this role.
- Retained for name, distribution, and bit of history.
Wild Clematis (Clematis vitalba)
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| Clematis vitalba |
Europe, Central
- German: Alter Mann's Bart, Gewöhnliche Waldrebe, Jungfernrebe, Reiszene, Warze, Wilder Wein
- Polish: Powojnik Pnący
Europe, Northern
- Danish: Rankende Skovclematis, Skovranke
- Finnish: Neitsytköynnös
- Swedish: Klättervin
Europe, Southern
- Catalan: Vidalba
- Italian: Barba Di Vecchio, Clematis Mariano, Clematite Vitalba, Luffa, Vitalba
- Latin: Rustica
- Spanish: Barba De Viejo, Clemátide Vid Blanca, Hierba De Los Pordioseros
Europe, Western
- Dutch: Bosrank
- English: Bedstraw-Leaved Clematis, Devil's Darning Needles, Love Vine, Old Man's Beard, Traveler's Joy, Wild Clematis
- French: Barbe À Dieu, Bois De Pipe, Clematite Vigne Blanche, Clématide Des Haies, Lierre, Vigne Blanche
- Old English: Viornan
- Africa, Northern: Algeria, Morocco
- Asia, Northern: Russia (Krym, North Caucasus)
- Asia, South: Afghanistan
- Asia, Southeast: Laos
- Asia, West: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
- Europe, Central: Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Slovakia, Switzerland
- Europe, Eastern: Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine
- Europe, Southern: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Greece (Crete), Italy (Sardinia, Sicily), Montenegro, North Macedonia, Portugal, Serbia, Spain
- Europe, Western: Belgium, England, France (Corsica), Netherlands, Scotland
A deciduous climbing shrub with branched, grooved stems and green-white flowers with fuzz-covered sepals. Its seed pods have long, silky appendages which give the appearance of an old man's beard.
It favors base-rich alkaline soils in moist climates with warm summers.
It disperses seeds widely, and one plant is capable of producing more than 10,000 seeds. It climbs and worms its way into crevices, and grows rapidly. It can spread from stem and root fragments. Combined with its incredible vitality, anywhere it isn't native, this plant is considered an invasive nuisance species.
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| "Old Man's Beard" |
Fibercraft
This plant has been used since the Stone Age to make rope, according to archaeological evidence from Switzerland.
It was favored for basket weaving in Slovenia, especially for onion baskets. It was also favored for binding harvested crops. The irritating compounds that the entire genus is known for make it an excellent deterrent to rodents, who won't gnaw on it.
The sprouts are harvested as an ingredient for omelets in Italy. This clematis-based omelet is called vitalbini in Tuscany, and visoni in Veneto.
- Surely something can be done with its names "traveler's joy" and "love vine" in relation to its use in rope making and basket weaving.
- "Devil's darning needles" suggests "devil's darned socks." Magical/cursed socks are an underexplored storytelling device.
- Who is the "old man" in "old man's beard?" Leshy? Some other forest spirit?
* * * * * * *
Prestigious Plants
- Plants
- Flowers
- Trees
- Ferns
- Moss and Lichen [Pending]
- Fungi [Pending]
- Cladistic Index
- Herbal Medicine [Pending]
- Resin, Incense, Balsam, and Lacquer [Pending]
Other Ranunculales
- Berberidaceae
- Lardizabalaceae
- Papaveraceae
- Ranunculaceae
- Adonis/Anemone/Pasque
- Buttercup/Water Crowfoot
- Columbine
- Coptis
- Hellebore
- Hepatica
- Larkspur
- Love in a Mist
- Monkshood/Wolfsbane
[Img 01 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Large_purple_clematis_flower_with_white_finger_stamens.jpg]
[Img 02 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Clematis_Akebioides_1.jpg]
[Img 03 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Clematis_alpina_ENBLA01.JPG]
[Img 04 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Clematis_orientalis;_Baikonur_03.jpg]
[Img 05 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Clematis_tangutica_(8026553077).jpg]
[Img 06 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Clematis_viticella3UME.jpg]
[Img 07 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Clematis-vitalba-Waldrebe(Samenstand).jpg]
-Greenaway, Kate. Language of Flowers. George Routleage and Sons.
-Roux, Jessica. Floriography: An Illustrated Guide to the Victorian Language of Flowers. Andrews McMeel Publishing, 2020.
-Skinner, Charles M. "Myths and Legends of Flowers, Trees, Fruits, and Plants : In All Ages and in All Climes : Skinner, Charles M. (Charles Montgomery), 1852-1907 : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming." Internet Archive, Philadelphia : J.B. Lippincott Co., 1 Jan. 1970, https://archive.org/details/mythslegendsoffl00skin.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clematis)
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clematis_alpina)
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clematis_akebioides)
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clematis_orientalis)
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clematis_tangutica)
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clematis_vitalba)
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clematis_viticella)
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